Andy Biotech
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| Rutin Technical Data Sheet | |
| Specification and Standard | |
| Appearance | Greenish-yellow crystalline powder |
| Odour | Characteristic |
| Taste | Characteristic |
| Rutin | NF11 / Rutin 95% |
| Moisture | ≤9.0% |
| Ash | ≤0.5% |
| Total Heavy | ≤10ppm |
| Lead | ≤2ppm |
| Arsenic | ≤1ppm |
| Mercury | ≤0.1ppm |
| Microbiological Specifications | |
| Total Plate Count | ≤10,000cfu/g |
| Yeast & Mold | ≤1000cfu/g |
| Salmonella | Absent in 25g |
| E.Coli | Absent in 10g |
| Storage: Store in sealed containers at cool & dry place. Protect from light, moisture and pest infestation. | |
| Shelf life: 24 months under the previously mentioned conditions and in its original packaging. | |
| Appearance: This is a natural product and there may be color variations from lot to lot due to crop fluctuations from harvest to harvest. | |
Sophora japonica is a commonly used Chinese medicine. It is a dried flower bud of the leguminous plant Huai, tastes bitter and slightly cold, and has the effects of cooling blood to stop bleeding, clearing liver and reducing fire.
Sophora japonica Extract is extracted from dried flower buds of the legume Sophora japonica L., and the main active ingredients are rutin and quercetin. Sophora extract has the functions of anti-oxidation, inhibition of cancer cells and protection of nerve cells.
Sophora japonica extract rutin is a natural antioxidant, which has the functions of reducing capillary permeability, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, and inhibiting aldose reductase. Chemically, rutin is a glycoside composed of flavonol aglycone quercetin along with the disaccharide rhamnosyl glucose.
Quercetin, another main component of Sophora japonica, can complex or capture free radicals to prevent lipid peroxidation in the body, effectively fight free radicals, and other tumor cells.
Rutin can help maintain blood vessel elasticity, reduce blood vessel brittleness, lower capillary permeability and prevent complications caused by hypertension. A 2018 animal study published in Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine found that it inhibits heart disease through signaling specific protein kinases called ERK1/2 and Akt.
The most effective rutin dose used on pigs with coronary heart disease was 45 milligrams per kilogram of body weight. Rutin administration worked to reduce the size of dead tissue in the heart of pigs with heart disease, inhibited urine protein concentration and improved blood circulation.
Another 2014 animal study published in Human & Experimental Toxicology found that treatment with rutin and quercetin reduced the cardiovascular effects of a high-salt diet in hypertensive rats.
A 2021 study out of India explored whether rutin could protect the livers, kidneys, and brains of rats from damage. The researchers administered different doses of rutin to the rats for six days and then exposed them to harmful substances called D-galactosamine and lipopolysaccharide on the sixth day.
After those exposures, several liver and kidney blood markers increased significantly, and tissue samples also showed signs of increased toxicity. But the rats who were given rutin beforehand showed fewer harmful effects.
The reason for this protection, according to current scientific understanding, is that rutin protects tissues by reversing inflammation, blocking the action of free radicals, and stopping healthy cells under attack from self-destructing prematurely.
Rutin is extensively studied for antimicrobial activity against various strains of bacteria. It has demonstrated a profound degree of inhibition on growth of bacteria Escherichia coli.
Rutin, quantified in honey has shown inhibitory effects over Proteus vulgaris, Shigella sonnei and Klebsiella sp. Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas auruginosa and Bacillus subtilis has also been documented. In situ antimicrobial activity of rutin and other polyphenols in the food system has been studied, and the results demonstrate a promising involvement of flavonoids in the preservation of food.
Bernard et al., demonstrated that rutin by inhibiting DNA isomerase IV demonstrated antibacterial activity against E. coli. In a study, rutin synergistically enhanced antibacterial activity of other flavonoids against Bacillus cereus and Salmonella enteritidis.
Flavonoids are known to demonstrate an extensive assortment of biological effects, comprising of antioxidant and radical-scavenging activities. Reactive oxygen species have been associated with the pathogenesis of several diseases such as atherosclerosis and certain cancers. Rutin has been extensively studied for anticancer/antineoplastic effects.
In a study, human leukemia HL-60 cells were implanted in a murine model, and rutin (dose 120 mg/kg) caused a significant reduction in tumor size justifying antileukemic potential.
In an independent study, rutin when administered to SW480 tumor cell lines (human colon cancer cell lines), was observed with less detrimental effects on the body and relative organ weight in mice along with an increment of mean survival time of 50 days.
Chem et al., demonstrated anti-neuroblastoma effect of rutin, where rutin significantly inhibited the growth of LAN-5 cells and chemotactic ability. The study demonstrated that rutin could decrease BCL2 expression and BCL2/BAX ratio along with a reduction in levels of MYCN mRNA level and the secretion of TNF-α.
Rutin is also known to inhibit cancer cell growth by cell cycle arrest and/or apoptosis, along with inhibition of proliferation, angiogenesis, and/or metastasis in colorectal cell lines.
Relevant studies have shown that Rutin exhibited strong DPPH radical scavenging activity. At the concentration of 0.05 mg/ml, ascorbic acid (Vc), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and rutin showed 92.8%, 58.8%, and 90.4% inhibition, respectively. In addition, rutin had effective inhibition of lipid peroxidation. Those various antioxidant activities were compared to standard antioxidants such as BHT and Vc.
In a study, chronic administration of rutin in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats caused a decrement in plasma glucose, augmentation in insulin levels, and restitution of glycogen content and glycolytic enzymes. Significant rejuvenation of pancreatic islets along with diminished fatty infiltrate was observed in rutin-treated diabetic rats.
Diminution of fasting plasma glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, C-peptide, and malondialdehyde levels was observed in rutin treated streptozotocin diabetic rats.
Rutin averted the levels of enzymes viz. ALT, AST, and LDH in the serum, liver, and heart demonstrating a protective effect on hepatic and cardiac toxicity associated due to streptozotocin. Alteration in the activity of matrix metalloproteinase and protection to kidney against streptozotocin-induced damage was observed.
Rutin stimulated glucose uptake in the soleus muscle, and the effect was thought to be mediated through extracellular calcium and calcium-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II activation. Increase in intracellular calcium concentration is involved in DNA activation which was mediated by rutin.
Rutin aided glycemic control via enhancement of insulin receptor kinase activity, thus aided in promoting the insulin signaling pathway that caused increased GLUT4 translocation and augmented glucose uptake.
